Part of Speech
In any language, there are letters, we join letters become words, join words become sentence.
In this blog focus on part of Speech.
Let's start with Sentence,
" A group of words, which makes complete sense is called a Sentence."
There are four kind of of Sentences:
1. Those make
statements or
assertions. Its called a
Assertive sentence.
2. Those ask
question; Its called
Interrogative sentence.
3. Those express
commands, requests, or
entreaties; Its called an
Imperative sentence.
4. Those express strong
feelings; Its called an
Exclamatory sentence.
When we make a sentence:
We name some person or thing;
Say something about that person or thing.
So, we can say like, we must have
subject to speak and we must
say or
predicate something about that subject.
So we can divided Sentences in two parts;
Subject: The part which names or person or thing we are speaking about.
Predicate: The part which tells about the subjects.
Part of Speech divided into different kinds according to their use, according to the work they do in sentence.
There are eight parts of speech.
1. Noun 2. Adjective 3. Pronoun 4. Verb
5. Adverb 6.Preposition 7. Conjunction 5. Interjection
Noun
A Noun is a word used as the name of person, place or thing.
Now look at one sentence:
Akbar was a great king.
In above sentence, Akbar is applied for particular king, but noun king might be applied for other king also. There fore here two kind of noun:
Proper Noun: Akbar Common Noun: King
So, what's difference between this two noun:
Common Noun: Those noun given in common to every person or thing of the same class or kind.
Proper Noun: Those noun use for particular person or place. Note: Proper Noun are always written with capital letter at beginning.
- She is Geeta
- Kalidas is often called the Shakespeare of India.
Common Nouns include what are Collective Noun and Abstract Nouns
Collective Noun: is the name of number/collection of person or things taken together and spoken of as one whole; eg. An Army, A family, A team, A crowd
Abstract Noun: is usually the name of quality, action or state considered apart from the oject to which it belongs;
Quality : Brightness, Goodness, kindness, darkness, honesty, wisdom, bravery
Action : Laughter, theft, movement, judgement
State : Childhood, youth, sleep, poverty
Another classification of nouns is whether they are countable or uncountable.
Countable Nouns: are the names of objects, people etc. that we can count. like, pen, apple, horse
Uncountable Nouns: are the names of things which we cannot count. like, milk, oil, sugar, gold.
Note: Countable nouns have plural forms while uncountable nouns do not
For Example: we can say - Books; but we can't say - Sugars
The Noun : Gender
We know that, living thing either the male or the female sex. Let's see some pairs
Boy Lion Hero
Girl Lioness Heroine
In first row, word of each pair is the name of
male animal.
In second row, word of each pair is the name of
female animal.
(Humans are social animal, okay)
A male animal is said to be of the
Masculine Gender.
A female animal is said to be of the
Feminine Gender.
But, when a noun that denotes either
a male or
a female is said to be of the
Common Gender.
For Example, Parent, Child, enemy, cousin, person, student, pupil, thief.
The Feminine of nouns: using in three ways
1. Entirely different words, for example:
Husband - Wife Boy - Girl Gentleman - Lady Man - Woman Gather - Mother
Sir - Madam Son - Daughter Uncle - Aunt Nephew - Niece King - Queen Ram - Ewe
2. By Adding a syllable (-ess, -ine, -trix, -a, etc.), for example:
Author - Authoress Lion - Lioness Host - Hostess Shepherd - Shepherdess
Tiger - Tigress Hero - Heroine Sultan - Sultana Hunter - Huntress
3. By placing a word before or after, for example:
Grandmother - Grandfather Landlord - Landlady Milkman - Milkwoman
The Noun: Number
Tree Box Ox Man
Trees Boxes Oxen Men
In first raw, denote one things, the second raw denote more than one.
A Noun that denotes one person or thing is called Singular Number;
A Noun that denotes more than one person or thing, is called Plural Number.
Using Plurals
- The Plural of nouns is generally formed by adding -s to the singular. For example:
Boy - Boys Girl - Girls Book - Books Pen - Pens Cow - Cows
- But Noun ending in -s, -sh, -ch, -x -o form the plural adding -es to the singular, For example:
Class - Classes kiss - kisses dish - dishes brush - brushes tax - taxes
Match - Matches Mango - Mangoes Box - Boxes Watch - Watches Potato - Potatoes
Note: A few Nouns ending in -o merely add -s. For example,
Canto - Cantos Logo - Logos Ratio - Ratios Photo - Photos Piano - Pianos
- Nouns ending in -y, their plural by changing -y into -i and adding -ies. or we say replace -y with -ies. For example
Baby - Babies Lady - Ladies City - Cities Army - Armies Story - Stories
- Nouns ending in -f or -fe, their plural by changing -f or -fe into -v and adding -es, or we can say, -f or -fe replaced by -ves. For example,
Thief - Thieves Wife - Wives Wolf - Wolves life - lives Calf - Calves Self - Selves
knife - Knives leaf - leaves Loaf - Loaves shelf - shelves
Note: other words ending with -f or -fe add -s. For example,
Chef - Chiefs Safe - Safes Proof - Proofs Gulf - Gulfs Cliff - Cliffs
- A few nouns from their plural by changing the inside vowel of the singular. For Example:
Man - Men Woman - Women Foot - Feet Tooth - Teeth Mouse - Mice
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